Augustus Caesar
63 BC – 14 · Generation II · First Roman emperor (r. 27 BC – AD 14) · Julio-Claudian
Augustus (63 BC – AD 14). First Roman emperor (r. 27 BC – AD 14). Married Scribonia around 40 BC; the marriage was dissolved in 38 BC. Married Livia around 38 BC. Born Gaius Octavius; adopted in Caesar’s will, he ended a century of civil war and dressed monarchy in republican clothes. After Caesar’s assassination he fought his way to power — Rome’s youngest elected consul after marching on the city, then a triumvir alongside Mark Antony and Lepidus, outlawing the assassins and defeating them at Philippi. When the alliance broke, his naval commander Agrippa crushed Antony at Actium in 31 BC, and Egypt fell to him as personal property. He annexed Dalmatia, Pannonia, Noricum and Raetia, completed the conquest of Hispania, reformed taxation and coinage, laid roads with an official courier service, and gave Rome a standing professional army, the Praetorian Guard, police and fire brigades. The Senate heaped him with titles — princeps, augustus, father of his country — and named a month after him. Patron of Virgil, he died of natural causes at seventy-five and was deified, though rumour long whispered that Livia had poisoned him.
One of 16 people of Julio-Claudian (69 BC–68) in this archive. Rome’s first imperial family: the Julii and the Claudii joined by marriage and adoption, Augustus to Nero.
Parents
- Gaius Octavius of Velitrae (100 BC – 59 BC)
- Atia Balba (85 BC – 43 BC)
Siblings
- Octavia the Younger (69 BC – 11 BC)
Partners
- Married Scribonia of Rome (70 BC – 16) in 40 BC; the marriage was dissolved in 38 BC — one child together
- Married Livia Drusilla (59 BC – 29) in 38 BC
Children
- Julia the Elder (39 BC – 14)
- Tiberius Caesar (42 BC – 37)
Life
- 63 BC — Born
- 40 BC — Married Scribonia
- 38 BC — Parted from Scribonia
- 38 BC — Married Livia
- 14 — Died