King Henry VII

1457 – 1509 · Generation XXI · King of England (r. 1485–1509) · House of Tudor

Henry VII Tudor (1457–1509). King of England (r. 1485–1509). Married Elizabeth of York in 1486. Took the crown at Bosworth and married the York heiress — the red rose and the white joined. His father died three months before he was born, and he was raised through the civil wars by his uncle Jasper Tudor, then spent fourteen years in exile in Brittany while York held the throne. With French and Scottish support behind him he defeated Richard III at Bosworth — no English king since has taken the crown in battle — and crushed the last Yorkist challenge at Stoke Field two years later, ending the Wars of the Roses. He restored stability to the monarchy, nursed the wool trade, and counted every penny, preferring new taxes to lavish spending; the squeeze grew so relentless that a commission convened after his death uncovered widespread abuse by his collectors. His son succeeded him in peace.

One of 10 people of House of Tudor (1485–1603) in this archive. Welsh in origin and only a handful of monarchs long — it broke with Rome and ended with Elizabeth I.

Line of descent: Owen Tudor → Edmund Tudor → King Henry VII.

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Parents

• Edmund Tudor (1430 – 1456)
• Margaret Beaufort (1443 – 1509)

Partners

• Married Elizabeth of York (1466 – 1503) in 1486 — 3 children together

Children

• Arthur Tudor (1486 – 1502)
• Margaret Tudor (1489 – 1541)
• King Henry VIII (1491 – 1547)

Life

• 1457 — Born
• 1485 — Henry becomes King after defeating Richard III of York at the Battle of Bosworth Field. The Wars of the Roses are ended.
• 1486 — Married Elizabeth of York
• 1486 — Henry marries Elizabeth of York, thereby uniting the houses of York and Lancaster.
• 1487 — Henry crushes a revolt by the Earl of Lincoln on behalf of Lambert Simnel, a claimant to the throne, at Stoke.
• 1491 — Henry invades France but at the Treaty of Etaples agrees to withdraw English forces in return for a large sum of money
• 1492 — Perkin Warbeck an impersonator who claims he is Richard the younger of the Princes in the Tower attempts to overthrow Henry, but is defeated and put to death in 1499.
• 1501 — Catherine of Aragon, daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, marries Prince Arthur, Henry’s eldest son.
• 1502 — Prince Arthur dies, and Prince Henry (the future Henry VIII) becomes heir to the throne, later marrying Arthur’s widow, Catherine of Aragon.
• 1503 — Margaret, Henry's daughter marries James IV of Scotland. The marriage gives James' descendants a claim to the English throne.
• 1503 — Death of Elizabeth of York, Henry’s wife.
• 1509 — Died
• 1509 — Henry VII dies at Richmond Palace, at the age of 52.