King Richard III

1452 – 1485 · Generation XX · King of England (r. 1483–1485) · House of Plantagenet

Richard III of Gloucester (1452–1485). King of England (r. 1483–1485). Married Anne Neville in 1472. The last Plantagenet and the last English king to die in battle, at Bosworth; found under a Leicester car park in 2012. Loyal to his brother Edward IV, he governed the north of England through the reign and took part in the invasion of Scotland in 1482. Named Lord Protector for the twelve-year-old Edward V, he became king when his brother’s marriage was declared bigamous and the children barred from the throne as illegitimate; an assembly of lords and commoners proclaimed him, and the two princes disappeared from the Tower within months. He weathered Buckingham’s revolt in 1483, but two years later Henry Tudor landed in Wales with French troops, and their armies met near Market Bosworth. Identified by the University of Leicester through DNA and battle wounds, his remains were reburied in Leicester Cathedral in 2015.

One of 23 people of House of Plantagenet (1126–1485) in this archive. The longest-reigning English house, counting its Angevin beginning and the rival Lancaster and York branches that fought the Wars of the Roses.

Line of descent: King William I The Conqueror → King Henry I → Matilda the Empress → King Henry II → King John → King Henry III → King Edward I Longshanks → King Edward II → King Edward III → Edmund of Langley → Richard of Conisburgh → Richard of York → King Richard III.

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Parents

• Richard of York (1411 – 1460)
• Cecily Neville (1415 – 1495)

Siblings

• King Edward IV (1442 – 1483)

Partners

• Married Anne Neville (1456 – 1485) in 1472

Life

• 1452 — Born
• 1472 — Married Anne Neville
• 1483 — Richard III declares himself King after confining and possibly ordering the murder of his two nephews, Edward V and Richard Duke of York, in the Tower of London
• 1483 — In October Richard crushes a rebellion led by his former supporter, the Duke of Buckingham. Buckingham is captured, tried, and put to death.
• 1484 — Richard establishes his military headquarters behind the battlements of Nottingham Castle.
• 1484 — Death of Richard’s only son and heir, Edward, aged 9 years.
• 1485 — Died
• 1485 — Death of Richard’s wife, Queen Anne.
• 1485 — Richard is defeated and killed by Henry Tudor’s army at Bosworth Field. The Wars of the Roses and the Plantagenet dynasty come to an end. Richard's body is taken to Leicester where it is buried at Greyfriars Church. <br>The grave is rediscovered beneath a car park 527 years later in 2012 and his bones reburied in Leicester Cathedral in March 2015.