Philip IV of Spain
1605 – 1665 · Generation XIII · King of Spain (r. 1621–1665) · Spanish Habsburgs
Philip (1605 – 1665). King of Spain (r. 1621–1665). Married Elisabeth in 1615. Married Mariana in 1649 — a match across the generations. Married first Elisabeth of France, then his niece Mariana. Called the “Planet King,” he presided over the Spanish Empire at its greatest territorial extent — the largest in the world at his death — even as its strength ebbed, ruling through his key minister the Count-Duke of Olivares during the Thirty Years’ War and failing to carry through domestic and military reform. Portugal, joined to Spain under the Iberian Union, broke away in 1640. He is remembered as a great patron of the arts, of Velázquez above all; in public he kept so rigid a bearing that visitors compared him to a statue, and he was said to have laughed only three times in his public life. The death of his heir Balthasar Carlos at sixteen left the succession to a sickly son.
One of 7 people of Spanish Habsburgs (1500–1700) in this archive. The Madrid line, from the division of Charles V’s inheritance to the childless Charles II.
Line of descent: Rudolf I of Germany → Albert I of Germany → Albert II, Duke of Austria → Leopold III, Duke of Austria → Ernest, Duke of Austria → Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor → Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor → Philip I of Castile → Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor → Philip II of Spain → Philip III of Spain → Philip IV of Spain.
Parents
- Philip III of Spain (1578 – 1621)
- Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain (1584 – 1611)
Siblings
- Maria Anna of Spain (1606 – 1646)
Partners
- Married Elisabeth of France (1602 – 1644) in 1615 — 2 children together
- Married Mariana of Austria (1634 – 1696) in 1649
Children
- Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias (1629 – 1646)
- Maria Theresa of Spain (1638 – 1683)
- Charles II of Spain (1661 – 1700)
- Margaret Theresa of Spain (1651 – 1673)
Life
- 1605 — Born
- 1615 — Married Elisabeth
- 1649 — Married Mariana
- 1665 — Died